Visitors to London’s Royal Parks are being reminded that it is illegal , externalto feed the wild deer after a man was injured by a stag that approached his picnic group.

From safety risks to photographing deer responsibly, here is what you need to know about the deer in Richmond Park and Bushy Park.

Visitors to south-west London’s Richmond and Bushy parks are being urged not to feed the red and fallow deer or get within 50m (165ft) of the animals.

On Saturday, a man in his 60s suffered chest injuries after being attacked by a stag in Richmond Park when it approached his picnic group.

The deer was subsequently shot by a Royal Parks wildlife officer as it was deemed a danger to visitors.

Paul Richards, park manager at Richmond Park, said the animal’s behaviour was likely the direct result of having previously been fed by visitors at the park.

“It is only because people had fed this particular animal that its behaviour had changed,” he told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme.

The “do not feed” warning is not new. The Royal Parks has regularly told people visiting both of the south-west London parks not to feed the wild animals.

The deer in both parks are wild animals, and can act unpredictably around humans.

Unlike deer in other places, such as the city of Nara in Japan where deer are regularly fed by people, London’s deer should not be approached or fed.

Richards said the deer in The Royal Parks had begun to associate visitors with food, which was “not their natural behaviour”.

“Enjoy the deer, respect the deer, keep a safe distance from the deer,” he said.

“Don’t feed them, they don’t need feeding. Some people think they’re doing a good deed. In fact you’re not, you’re doing quite the opposite.”

Richards said that if fed, the deer began to associate people with food and would be more likely to approach groups or individuals in the park.

This, he warned, was dangerous to visitors and put them at risk of serious injury.

Feeding deer may also increase the risk of them ingesting plastic, which blocks their stomachs and causes malnutrition.

Last month, families with young children were seen trying to stroke the deer in Richmond Park.

Richards said his team were “shocked and extremely concerned” by video footage from the park, and called the actions “deeply irresponsible and highly dangerous”.

The park manager explained that closing in on the animals would cause the deer stress and risked a “fatal incident”.

“Richmond Park’s red and fallow deer are wild, powerful animals. Although they may appear calm, they can react suddenly and aggressively if they feel threatened,” he said.

“Stags can weigh more than 25 stone (159kg) and run at speeds of up to 30mph (48km/h), making them highly dangerous if visitors get too close.”

Red and fallow deer eat grasses, leaves and shoots of trees, as well as acorns, sweet chestnuts and horse chestnuts.

Richards said: “They don’t need to be fed. A lot of people are thinking: ‘It’s bone dry out there, everything is brown’, but the deer don’t need supplementary feeding here at Richmond Park.”

“There’s plenty of things for them to eat,” he added. “They’re grazing on bramble, we’re already seeing a bit of an early autumn, and it won’t be long before sweet chestnuts are beginning to fall, so there is plenty of food for them.”

Visitors are urged not to remove conkers (horse chestnuts) from the park as they are a vital part of the deer’s diet and help to build up their fat reserves for winter.

London’s deer population is much-loved and photographed, due to their apparent juxtaposition with city-life.

The current 630-strong herd of wild red and fallow deer in Richmond Park were first introduced by Charles I in 1637 and roam freely amongst the trees and grasslands.

They have been enjoyed by visitors for decades, but must be respected, Richards said.

“The deer here are wild, they have been here for centuries,” he said.

“If you want to photograph them, photograph them using the zoom function on your phone or camera.”

He said visitors must keep a distance of 50m (165ft) from the animals.

Visitors are told to never feed or touch the deer in Richmond and Bushy parks.

If one comes towards you, put all food and packaging out of sight and move away slowly and calmly, The Royal Parks says.

People should not try to move the deer away themselves.

“If you witness someone putting themselves, others or the deer at risk, please do not try and intervene but report it immediately to the police,” a Royal Parks spokesperson says.

Listen to the best of BBC Radio London on Sounds and follow BBC London on Facebook, external, X, external and Instagram, external. Send your story ideas to hello.bbclondon@bbc.co.uk, external